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Creating Your Own Distributable Ubuntu DVD
Version 1.0
Author: Christian Schmalfeld <c [dot] schmalfeld [at]
projektfarm [dot] de>
This article is about how to create a DVD image of the Ubuntu
distribution on your machine with the exact same software included on
the disk. This can be done using a software called Remastersys.
Remastersys allows you to either create iso-backups of your whole
system, including the home folder, or just
backups of the installed software, leaving the home folder aside.
1 Preliminary Note
Please be aware of what you want to do with the created iso-image.
If you want to burn it on a DVD, remember that the image may not
surpass the maximum size of 4 GB. In most cases, this makes it
impossible to include the home folder to the image since it may be the
largest folder on your system.
I have tested Remastersys on Linux Mint 11 and it works properly on
my machine.
I do not issue any guarantee that this will work for you!
2 Install Remastersys
Remastersys is not available in the standard Ubuntu repositories,
therefore you first have to add another repository to be able to
download it. To do so, open the sources.list file by entering the following into a terminal:
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.listType in the following at the bottom of the file and save it afterwards:
[...]
# Remastersys
deb http://www.geekconnection.org/remastersys/repository karmic/Back in the terminal, enter following to update your package list:if(typeof __ez_fad_position != ‘undefined’){__ez_fad_position(‘div-gpt-ad-howtoforge_com-medrectangle-4-0’)};
sudo apt-get updateNow you can download Remastersys via Synaptic Package Manager. Open it, type in your password and enter remastersys into the searchbar.
Then follow the usual procedure. Right-click it, select Mark for installation, accept the installation of its dependencies by clicking on Mark and hit Apply afterwards.
You can also easiliy install it by using the command line. Simply enter following:
sudo apt-get install remastersysAfter the installation, find Remastersys in Menu > Administration > Remastersys Backup.if(typeof __ez_fad_position != ‘undefined’){__ez_fad_position(‘div-gpt-ad-howtoforge_com-box-4-0’)};
3 Install Software
To create yourself a unique distributable Ubuntu DVD you need to
install the software you want on it on your current system. Do this by
opening Synaptic Package Manager (Menu > Administration > Synaptic Package Manager) and use the search bar to find the packages you want to install. Install them exactly as you installed remastersys. All software you have installed on your current system will later automatically be transferred to the iso-image of you DVD.
4 Start and Use Remastersys
Start Remastersys from the menu or let a terminal show you the possible commands by entering
remastersysThe main menu comes with a bunch of options you should carefully read (they trigger once you click OK):
Here is what exactly they do:
- Backup – Creates a file system and an iso-image of your whole system including the home-folder (may become really large)
- Dist –
Combines the two options below: creates a file system to build the
iso-image out of and does so after the first step (same as backup, but
excluding the home folder) - Distcdfs – Creates the squashed file system to build the
iso-image out of. This is the necessary step to take before actually
creating an iso-image. This can also be used to retroactively add files to the file system before creating the images - Distiso – Creates the actual iso-image which can be used in a
virtual machine or burned on a CD to boot your custom system from
(before choosing this option a file system must have been created using
Distcdfs) - Modify – This option lets you determine settings such as the image’s name or the files to exclude from the creation process
- Clean – Removes files in the directory where the file system
and the image are stored – be sure to move the created image somewhere
else before you pick this option - Info
- Quit
Since you most likely want to use the image you create for burning
it on a DVD you should pay attention to the summed size of software and
files you add to it.
Every file created with Remastersys will be placed in its temporary directory /home/remastersys/remastersys. That counts for filesystems as well as for images (e.g. custom.iso by default). Be sure you move your image to some other place since this temporary folder will be emptied on the use of Clean.
5 Add Files to a Non-Backup Filesystem Without home-folder
If you have a home folder that is to large to put it on a DVD but
still have files that need to be on the image, there are two ways you
can put them on it; one has to be dealt with before you create the file
system and one that can also be done after it has been created.
5.1 /etc/Skel Folder
To add files to your non-backup image before you create the file system, just put them into the /etc/Skel folder to let the files appear in your home folder on the image afterwards. The /etc/Skel folder is responsible for populating the home folder on every installation and every adding of a new user.
5.2 Squashfs-tools
Squashfs-tools is package that allows
you to build and uncompress but also to add files to squashed
filesystems, which are also used to build the filesystem on
Remastersys. They can be used to append files to already created
filesystems. Install them by entering the following into a terminal:
sudo apt-get install squashfs-toolsThe squashfs-tools offer two commands to use, one to create
filesystems or add files to existing and one to uncompress them. The
first one is
mksquashfs
and its basic structure is the command followed by one or more source files or folders and the path to the squashed file (e.g. mksquashfs /home/ctest/Desktop/bla /home/ctest/Desktop/ultimate.squashfs).
The last folder in the path of the source file will be the root of the
squash filesystem unless you specify otherwise with an option, meaning
it will not be directly displayed itself. The same command is also used
to append files to existing squash filesystems, which is what we
basically want. To do so, just pick the existing filesystem as the
filesystem to create and the files to append in the input files’ path.
Unfortunately, it is not possible to merge the two filesystems, which
is why we circumvent this problem by creating a folder called extrafiles
(could be any name) in any folder and choose this upper folder as the
one to add to the system (it will become the root folder and the folder
inside, the one we want, will be displayed along the files in the
filesystem’s root folder). Add the files you want on your DVD to
the extrafiles folder. Following would be a possible way to add files
to the filesystem:
mksquashfs /home/ctest/Desktop/bla /home/remastersys/remastersys/ISOTMP/casper/filesystem.squashfsIn this example the folder bla is the one containing the extrafiles folder. See the man page for further switches and options.
To uncompress a squash filesystem, use following command:
unsquashfsThe most common way to use this command should be combined with the destination switch. Make sure to choose an unexisting directory as destination since it will give you an error otherwise.
unsquashfs -d /home/ctest/Desktop/unexistingdirectory /home/remastersys/remastersys/ISOTMP/casper/filesystem.squashfs
